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KMID : 0123420080130030346
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Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
2008 Volume.13 No. 3 p.346 ~ p.358
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Comparison of Dietary Patterns by Sex and Urbanization in Different Economic Status
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Choi Ji-Hyun
Moon Hyun-Kyung
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study is to find differences in dietary patterns through menu analysis by economic status. The data
was obtained from the 1998 and 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey of Korea. The main variables were
economic status, sex, and area by urbanization. The economic status was classified into low, middle, high, and top
classes using a poverty line based on the 1998 and 2001 minimum standard cost of living. The areas were divided into
metropolis, small city, and rural areas. The dishes of 3 meals were classified into 29 categories by cooking method. The
most frequent pattern was “rice + soup + kimchi”. The frequency of this Korean basic dietary pattern was the lowest in
the top income class and metropolis areas, while the highest in the low income class and rural areas. The frequency
of Korean recommended dietary pattern, that is, “rice + soup or stew + kimchi + side dish” was the highest in the top
income class. The metropolis group preferred side dishes using meat and a cooking method that saved time, but the
rural group preferred side dishes using vegetables and cooking methods that take a longer time. In comparison of
dietary pattern between male and female by economic status, the higher economic status, the male’s dietary patterns
showed more side dishes than those of female. But the main side dish was kimchi in male low class. Consequently,
the major dietary pattern in Korea is rice-style, though the western pattern is increasing in the top income class,
especially in metropolis areas. Therefore, to make a better dietary pattern, we should develop and spread low-priced
recipes of various side dishes and teach financial skills such as ability to make a food budget for lower income classes.
Also, we should emphasize the importance of the balance between meat and vegetables and traditional diet and western
diet for the top income class, especially in the metropolis areas. (Korean J Community Nutrition 13(3) : 346~358, 2008)
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KEYWORD
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dietary pattern, dish, economic status, sex, urbanization
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